Beneficiation includes three processes: washing, crushing and beneficiation. In the process of enriching valuable metals from ore with low content and multi-metal symbiosis and processing them into concentrates with higher metal content, various types of collectors, foaming agents, inhibitors, and flocculation are required.剂 etc. Most of them are toxic and harmful substances, such as cyanide, arsenide, dichromate, various alkyl xanthates, substituted phenols, anilines, pyridines, hydrocarbons, alkenes, ethers, ketones, aldehyde esters, etc. Wastewater is discharged into the environment or enters the environment through tailings ponds, and migrates and transforms in water bodies, atmosphere and soil, forming secondary pollution and causing serious pollution to the ecological environment.

There are two main types of wastewater from the beneficiation process: beneficiation wastewater and ore washing and other wastewater. The gravity separation and magnetic separation wastewater in the beneficiation wastewater is similar to the washing wastewater and can be reused after simple treatment. Therefore, the polluting wastewater in the beneficiation process mainly refers to flotation wastewater, which comes from tailings, concentrate overflow water and concentrate filtrate. The characteristics of mineral processing wastewater are: (1) Large amount of water; (2) High content of SS in wastewater, extremely fine particle size, dispersed colloidal state, and not easy to settle naturally; (3) Many types of toxic and harmful pollutants; (4) Most Being in the water source area, the pollution caused by serious consequences.

Beneficiation agents mainly refer to collectors, foaming agents, inhibitors, flocculants, regulators, and extractants used in hydrometallurgy, extraction matrix improvers, diluents, etc., involving various inorganic or organic compounds. Hundred kinds. Among them, there are 24 kinds of beneficiation agents (including arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, mercury, nickel, thallium, copper, lead and their compounds) that are included in the blacklist of priority control pollutants in my country's water (68 types), which are harmful to the environment. Pharmaceuticals include cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, phosphine, fluoride, arsenide, dichromate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, carbon disulfide, sulfurous acid, various alkyl xanthates, organic phosphorus, fatty alcohol, aniline, pyridine , Hydrocarbons, alkenes, ethers, ketones, aldehyde esters and more.

Research on new low-pollution and environment-friendly mineral processing reagent

 More and more mines are beginning to pay attention to the research and development of new beneficiation agents. At present, hundreds of types of agents have been used in industry, and new agents are constantly appearing. Its development trend is to develop new agents with high selectivity, high efficiency, low toxicity or non-toxic, low pollution or no pollution. Conventional agents such as xanthate, black medicine, Z-200, thionitride, and fatty acid have been used in China. The research and development of the medicament adopts imitating foreign flotation reagent products, and no products with independent intellectual property rights have been formed.